Espaliering citrus trees? When Espaliering citrus trees do you have to start beside young...

When Espaliering citrus trees do you have to start beside young trees or can you utilise this method next to established trees?
They must be young-looking, otherwise you're trying to bend hardwood and it simply won't work. Here are some good sites for espaliering plants:
http://www.motherearthnews.com/Organic-G...
http://www.bbg.org/gar2/topics/sustainab...


they have to be trained to be a specific shape when they're childlike to truely be espalier.

Depending on how established this citrus is, you could prune it back, and maintain doing so to create a shape you like...but it's more than feasible going to look really bad.
Answers:    An espaliered tree is pruned severely and the remaining limbs tied into place against a wall. This is best done when the tree is small and flexible. Use the smallest dwarf trees available.
However, a somewhat larger tree can be replanted against a wall and leisurely pruned and reshaped in the espalier style. It will take closely more time and care.
The adjectives point of espaliering trees was to utilise space against a sunny wall to produce fruit. Now these specially in step trees are frequent landscaping highlights, showing bad a gardener's skill.