Do maple trees involve to freeze back they can produce sap?


No but the sap contains more sugars in it when it some out of dormancy.


Not so much that they need to freeze as the certainty that in the early spring when the daytimes first thaw out up is the time of the highest sap flow, and the sap has the best sugar content. No but a maple tree will flow better sap when the nights are cold and the days warm up powerfully a above freezing
Answers:    A tree is always producing sap.

But if you are wanting to tap a tree to manufacture syrup - usually February & March (depending on your area) is when you do it. Ideally, you want the daytime temps to be in the 40's, and the nights still dipping below freezing.

Stop collecting sap when the buds break on the tree, as the sugars surrounded by the sap quickly start changing to carbohydrates, and the power of sap (for syrup) drops drastically. You'll be able to taste the difference contained by the end product if you collect sap after bud break.